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lab_electrical_engineering:1_resistors:nonlinear-resistors [2026/03/10 03:39] – mexleadminlab_electrical_engineering:1_resistors:nonlinear-resistors [2026/03/16 01:59] (current) – mexleadmin
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-==== Nonlinear resistors ==== +====== Non-linear resistors ====== 
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-All resistors examined so far are linear resistors, for which the characteristic curve $I=f(U)$ is a straight line, s. <imgref Fig-6_Linear-resistors_V1>. +All resistors examined so far are linear resistors, for which the characteristic $I = f(U)$ is a straight line; see <imgref Fig-6_Linear-resistors_V1>. The resistance of a linear resistor is independent of the current $I$ flowing through it and of the applied voltage $U$.
-The resistance value of a linear resistor is independent of the current $I$ flowing through it or the applied voltage $U$. +
  
 {{drawio>lab_electrical_engineering:1_resistors:Fig-6_Linear-resistors_V1.svg}}\\ {{drawio>lab_electrical_engineering:1_resistors:Fig-6_Linear-resistors_V1.svg}}\\
-<imgcaption Fig-6_Linear-resistors_V1 | Characteristic curve of a linear resistor> </imgcaption>+<imgcaption Fig-6_Linear-resistors_V1 | Characteristic of a linear resistor> </imgcaption>
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-With nonlinear resistors, there is no proportionality between current and voltage. The characteristic curve of such a resistor is shown in <imgref Fig-7_Nonlinear-resistors_V1>. With these resistors, we talk about static resistance ($R$) and dynamic (or differential) resistance ($r$). The static resistance is determined for a specific operating point: at a specific voltage, the current is read from the resistance characteristic curve. \\ 
-The calculation is performed according to Ohm's law:  
  
-$$ R = \frac{U}{I} $$+For non-linear resistors, there is no proportionality between current and voltage. The characteristic of such a resistor is shown in <imgref Fig-7_Nonlinear-resistors_V1>. For these resistors, one distinguishes between static resistance $R$ and dynamic (or differential) resistance $r$.
  
-The differential resistance around the operating point is calculated from the current difference caused by a change in the applied voltage:+The static resistance is determined for a specific operating point: at a given voltage, the current is read from the characteristic. The calculation is carried out according to Ohm's law:
  
-$$ r = \frac{\Delta U}{\Delta I} $$+$R = \frac{U}{I}$
  
-{{drawio>Fig-7_Nonlinear-resistors_V1.svg}}\\ +The dynamic resistance around the operating point is calculated from the current difference caused by a change in the applied voltage:
-<imgcaption Fig-7_Nonlinear-resistors_V1 | Characteristic curve of a nonlinear resistor> </imgcaption>+
  
-A light bulb is examined as an example of a nonlinear resistor. Set up the measuring circuit shown in <imgref Fig-8_light-bulb_V1>. \\+$r = \frac{\Delta U}{\Delta I}$
  
-{{drawio>Fig-8_light-bulb_V1.svg}}\\ +{{drawio>lab_electrical_engineering:1_resistors:Fig-7_Nonlinear-resistors_V1.svg}}\\ 
-<imgcaption Fig-8_light-bulb_V1 | Measuring circuit light bulb> </imgcaption>+<imgcaption Fig-7_Nonlinear-resistors_V1 | Characteristic of a non-linear resistor> </imgcaption> 
 + 
 +An incandescent lamp is investigated as an example of a non-linear resistor. Build the measurement circuit shown in <imgref Fig-8_light-bulb_V1>. \\ 
 + 
 +{{drawio>lab_electrical_engineering:1_resistors:Fig-8_light-bulb_V1.svg}}\\ 
 +<imgcaption Fig-8_light-bulb_V1 | Measurement circuit for incandescent lamp> </imgcaption>
 \\ \\
 +
 Set the voltage on the power supply to the voltage values from <tabref Table-6_light-bulb_V1>. Measure the corresponding current values and enter them in <tabref Table-6_light-bulb_V1>. Set the voltage on the power supply to the voltage values from <tabref Table-6_light-bulb_V1>. Measure the corresponding current values and enter them in <tabref Table-6_light-bulb_V1>.
  
-{{drawio>Table-6_light-bulb_V1.svg}}\\ +{{drawio>lab_electrical_engineering:1_resistors:Table-6_light-bulb_V1.svg}}\\ 
-<tabcaption Table-6_light-bulb_V1 | Values characteristic curve light bulb> </tabcaption>+<tabcaption Table-6_light-bulb_V1 | Measured values for the incandescent-lamp characteristic> </tabcaption>
  
 \\ \\
-Create the characteristic curve $I = f(U)$, s. <imgref Fig-9_light-bulb-curve_V1>+Plot the characteristic $I = f(U)$. 
 + \\ \\ \\ \\ \\ \\  
 +Calculate the static resistance $R$ at the operating point $U = 7.0 ~{\rm V}$. 
 +\\ \\ \\ \\ 
  
-{{drawio>Fig-9_light-bulb-curve_V1.svg}}\\ +Calculate the dynamic resistance $r$ at the operating point $U = 7.0 ~{\rm V}$. 
-<imgcaption Fig-9_light-bulb-curve_V1 | Characteristic curve light bulb> </imgcaption> + \\ \\ \\ \\ 
- +
-Calculate the static resistance $R$ at the operating point $U = \rm 7.0 ~V$: +
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-Calculate the dynamic resistance $r$ at the operating point $U = \rm 7.0 ~V$: +
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-Compare the values with the values from <tabref Table-1_V2> (direct resistance measurement)+
  
 +Compare the values with those from the direct resistance measurement (<tabref Table-1_V2>).
 +\\ \\ \\ \\